Understanding Hypertonicity of bladder: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

What is it?

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a condition in which there is an urgency to urinate, difficult to control. The patient may go to the bathroom many times during the day and night, and even experience unintentional loss of urine. The cause for overactive bladder is involuntary contractions of the bladder muscles due to different conditions such as diabetes, neurological disorders, urinary tract infections, menopause hormonal changes, tumors, bladder stones and bladder outflow obstruction. Other causes may include medications, caffeine and alcohol consumption, difficulty walking or incomplete bladder emptying.

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Additional names

This group contains additional names:
- Overactive bladder

Signs & symptoms

Symptoms include urgent need to urinate, unintentional loss of urine, urinate more than 8 times during one day, and wake up more than once to go to the bathroom.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based upon findings from medical history and physical examination. Further evaluation may include urine tests, post -void residual volume ultrasound, urine flow rate measurement and cystometry to measure bladder pressures.

Treatment

Treatment may include behavioral therapy such as pelvic floor muscle exercises, biofeedback, losing weight, scheduled toilet trips, intermittent catheterization, pads, and bladder training. There are medications that may help including estrogen for post-menopausal women, Detrol, Oxybutynin and more. Botox bladder injections, nerve stimulation and surgeries are more options.

☝️ This is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult with your physician before making any medical decision.

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Source of Information - We analyze big data of more than 23 million patients de-identified medical records from the following sources:

National Institution of Health ∙ World Health Organization ∙ University of Illinois hospital