What is it?

Anemia occurs when there is a decreased amount of red blood cells in our bloodstream. It is measured by the amount of hemoglobin, a protein responsible for carrying oxygen to the body’s tissues. When there aren't enough red blood cells, not enough oxygen is delivered to our cells. This may cause symptoms such as weakness, short of breath and more. Women and people suffering from chronic diseases are at higher risk of developing anemia.

CAUSES:
Anemia may be caused by numerous reasons. These can be divided into reasons that cause decreased production, increased destruction or blood loss.
Decreased production may be due to
1. Inadequate dietary intake of Iron, B12 or Folate. Iron, B12 and Folate are essential for the maturation of red blood cells. Iron deficiency is the most common type of anemia.
2. Reduced stimulation- The kidneys produce a hormone called erythropoietin which stimulates RBC production in the bone marrow. Some conditions cause reduced erythropoietin levels which results in fewer RBC production.
3. Hypothyroidism- low levels of thyroid hormones. This may also cause reduced RBC production
Increased Destruction may be due to
1. Hemolysis- rupture or RBCs. This may be caused by various reasons including some medications, hematologic disorders, genetic disorders and more.
2. Disorders of the spleen or liver
Increased blood loss- due to surgery, trauma, menstruation, childbirth and more.