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Nutcracker syndrome

by Alike Medical Team ∙ Updated on June 13, 2023

General

Nutcracker syndrome is a condition affecting the renal veins, usually the left one. In this syndrome, the vein is compressed and blood cannot flow normally in it and leave the kidney, causing the blood to flow back in the kidneys. There are several types of nutcracker syndrome, depending on the location of the compression. Causes for nutcracker syndrome may include pancreatic or abdominal wall tumors, nephroptosis, aortic aneurysm, rapid changes in height or weight, low BMI, enlarged abdominal lymph nodes, and pregnancy.

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Signs & symptoms

Symptoms may include pelvic or abdominal pain, blood or proteins found in the urine, pain during intercourse, enlarged veins in testicles and lightheadedness while standing.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based upon findings from medical history and physical examination. Further evaluation may include blood and urine tests as well as imaging tests of the kidneys and abdomen.

Treatment

Treatment is not always necessary since the condition may resolve on its own. Treatment may include placing a stent in the renal vein or blood vessel surgery.

Note

☝ We provide information on prescription and over-the-counter medicines, diagnosis, procedures and lab tests. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

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