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Additional names
This group contains additional names: - Goitre
General
The term Goiter refers to a swelling of the neck caused by an enlarged thyroid gland The Thyroid is a gland located at the middle of your neck, below Adam’s apple. It produces a hormone called Thyroid Hormone. Goiter can manifest with a high, low or normal functioning Thyroid. Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of Goiter world-wide. In iodine-rich countries (like the united states) the most common causes are auto-immune, inflammatory, or unknown.
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Signs & symptoms
most often Goiter appears without any signs or symptoms. You may sometimes feel a swelling at the middle of the neck. You may experience symptoms resulting from the enlargement of the thyroid gland- difficulty swallowing or breathing, coughing or hoarseness.
Diagnosis
*Physical exam*: your doctor will exam your thyroid gland and ask you about sign of overactive or underactive thyroid gland such as excessive sweating, hair loss, weight gain or loss and rapid heartbeat. *Blood tests*: Thyroid function tests- TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), T3 and T4 (thyroid hormone) *Ultrasound* of your gland *Thyroid scan*: usually when the thyroid is hyperactive.
Treatment
The treatment may include: - *Watchful waiting*- if your thyroid function is normal and you can breathe and eat normally. - *Medication* to balance the thyroid function and to treat the underlying cause if possible - *Surgery* if the swelling interferes with your breathing or swallowing - *Radioactive iodine*- you will swallow a pill that contains radioactive iodine that will travel to your thyroid and destroy it. Many Goiters will disappear with treatment, other may evolve over time and will need further evaluation.
Note
☝ We provide information on prescription and over-the-counter medicines, diagnosis, procedures and lab tests. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
National Institutes of Health ∙ World Health Organization ∙ MedlinePluse ∙ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
☝ All information has been reviewed by certified physicians from Alike
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