Understanding Endometrial Hyperplasia & Polyp: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

What is it?

Endometrium is the lining of the inside of your womb (uterus). An overgrowth of this lining can create polyps, which are finger-like growths attached to the inner wall of the uterus, or hyperplasia which is an abnormal growth that thicken the entire endometrium.
Endometrial polyps can be as small as a sesame seed or larger than a golf ball. You can have just one, or many of them at once.
While both endometrial polyps and hyperplasia are not usually cancerous, they can become or be a sign of uterine cancer. The chance of cancer is higher if you are postmenopausal, on Tamoxifen, or have heavy or irregular periods.

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Additional names

This group contains additional names:
- Disordered proliferative endometrium
- Complex Endometrial Hyperplasia without Atypia
- Endometrial Hyperplasia with Atypia
- Simple Endometrial Hyperplasia without Atypia
- Benign Endometrial Hyperplasia

Signs & symptoms

The most common symptom of endometrial polyp and hyperplasia is unusual vaginal bleeding.
In the case of uterine polyps, you might experience trouble getting or staying pregnant.

Diagnosis

Your doctor will ask you about your symptoms and perform a physical exam. Based on your medical history, he or she will likely proceed with some diagnostic tests:
-Vaginal Ultrasound to create an image of your uterus and check for endometrial thickening or polyps.
-Hysteroscopy- thin, flexible lighted tube will be inserted through your vagina into your uterus, in order to check for the presence of polyps or hyperplasia and remove them if possible.
-Endometrial biopsy- a small piece of your womb’s lining or polyp will be taken out to examine under the microscope.

Treatment

In the case of uterine polyps, many of them should be removed in a hysteroscopy because of the small risk for cancer.
In the case of endometrial hyperplasia treatment generally consists of hormone therapy or surgery.

☝️ This is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult with your physician before making any medical decision.

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Source of Information - We analyze big data of more than 23 million patients de-identified medical records from the following sources:

National Institution of Health ∙ World Health Organization ∙ University of Illinois hospital