Understanding Disorders of the pituitary: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

What is it?

Rathke cleft cysts (RCC) are benign growths filled with fluid that can grow between parts of the pituitary gland while the fetus is growing in the womb. RCC are very rare and usually do not cause any symptoms. They are usually diagnosed accidentally in imaging tests of the brain done for other reasons.
Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS) is a condition in which the sella turcica is shaped abnormally so that spinal fluids is built up. It could be secondary to head injury or radiation.

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Additional names

This group contains additional names:
- Rathke's pouch cyst
- Empty sella syndrome

Signs & symptoms

RCC usually does not cause any symptoms. If they press the nerves around symptoms may include vision changes, headaches, nausea, fatigue and changes in personality or behavior. If they press the pituitary gland, symptoms of under secretion may be present such as low blood pressure, weakness, dehydration, abdominal pain, weight loss and many more.
People with Empty Sella Syndrome usually do not experience any symptoms, symptoms may include headaches, hypertension, fatigue, impotence in men, low sex drive and infertility.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based upon findings from imaging tests of the brain.

Treatment

Treatment depends on whether RCC is big enough to cause symptoms. If it does, it may require surgery for drainage and removal of the cyst.
Empty Sella Syndrome usually does not require any treatment. If it causes symptoms, treatment with medications or surgery may be suggested.

☝️ This is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult with your physician before making any medical decision.

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Source of Information - We analyze big data of more than 23 million patients de-identified medical records from the following sources:

National Institution of Health ∙ World Health Organization ∙ University of Illinois hospital