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General
A blepharospasm occurs when the muscles in the eyelids contract abnormally. Often, it refers to benign essential blepharospasm, a bilateral condition that leads to episodic closure of the eyelids. Blepharospasm has an unknown cause, and it is not associated with any other disease or syndrome.
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Signs & symptoms
There are usually mild and infrequent spasms that develop into forceful and frequent contractures of the eyelids over the course of the disease, causing functional blindness in severe cases.
Diagnosis
BEB is a clinical diagnosis. The condition must be distinguished from secondary blepharospasm, which occurs in association with syndromes, movement disorders, and ocular diseases.
Treatment
BEB is treated with periodic injections of botulinum toxin into the protractor muscles of the eyelids, such as the orbicularis oculi, corrugator supercilii, and procerus.
Note
☝ We provide information on prescription and over-the-counter medicines, diagnosis, procedures and lab tests. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
National Institutes of Health ∙ World Health Organization ∙ MedlinePluse ∙ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
☝ All information has been reviewed by certified physicians from Alike
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