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Additional names
This group contains additional names: - Enlarged spleen
General
Splenomegaly describes the condition where the spleen becomes enlarged. The spleen is an organ located in the left upper part of the abdomen and functions as a part of the immune system. Its role is to filter blood and remove old blood cells, eliminate bacteria, and aid in creating new blood cells. Causes of splenomegaly include infections, liver disorders, heart failure, and many other different diseases. Untreated enlarge spleen can result in complications such as anemia and spleen rupture. A spleen rupture usually happens due to trauma (such as a car accident), resulting in bleeding from the spleen. The bleeding from a ruptured spleen can be massive and become a medical emergency.
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Signs & symptoms
Patients with splenomegaly may experience no symptoms, and the enlarged spleen will be diagnosed during a routine examination. Other symptoms may include: - Pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen. - Early satiety after eating smaller portions. - Other symptoms relating to the cause – such as fever, weight loss, etc.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of splenomegaly may occur by "accident" during a routine physical examination or a CT scan for other causes. Further questioning and physical examination may be required to provide additional information and exclude other diseases. Further tests include: - Blood testing. - Abdominal ultrasound, CT, or MRI scans. - Additional testing depending on the suspected cause.
Treatment
Treatment of splenomegaly varies depending on the underlying cause. Treatment may include medications, diet alternation, and avoiding further damage to the spleen. In some cases, surgery to remove the spleen is indicated.
Note
☝ We provide information on prescription and over-the-counter medicines, diagnosis, procedures and lab tests. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
National Institutes of Health ∙ World Health Organization ∙ MedlinePluse ∙ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
☝ All information has been reviewed by certified physicians from Alike
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