Understanding Psychosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

What is it?

Psychosis is a psychiatric disorder characterized by an impaired relationship with reality. Patients may hear, see, or believe things that aren’t real. Causes of psychosis include illicit drug or alcohol use, sudden discontinuation of chronic alcohol drinking (termed delirium tremens), drug withdrawal-syndrome, specific medication, health conditions (dementia, brain tumors, epilepsy, and more), and as a part of psychiatric disorders.

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Additional names

This group contains additional names:
- Drug-Induced Sleep Disorders
- Drug-Induced Mood Disorder
- Drug-Induced Persisting Amnestic Disorder
- Drug-Induced Persisting Dementia
- Drug Withdrawal
- Drug-Induced Delirium

Signs & symptoms

symptoms may include:
- Hallucinations – the perception of stimuli that aren’t real. Any sense can be affected: vision, hearing, touch, etc.
- Illusions – distortion of real stimuli, different from hallucinations: seeing faces in clouds, or hearing whispers in water flow.
- Delusions – thoughts or strong beliefs that are incoherent with reality.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is made via questioning and different tests to define the cause, and may include:
- Blood tests.
- Urine testing for drugs.
- A psychiatric assessment.
- Brain CT or MRI.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the cause of the psychosis. It might include discontinuation of medications, administering an antidote to certain drugs, antipsychotic medications, and psychotherapy.

☝️ This is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult with your physician before making any medical decision.

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Source of Information - We analyze big data of more than 23 million patients de-identified medical records from the following sources:

National Institution of Health ∙ World Health Organization ∙ University of Illinois hospital