What is it?

Calcium is a vital mineral that participants in bone building and muscle, including the myocard functioning.
Hypocalcemia, or calcium deficiency may be caused by poor calcium intake, medication the decrease calcium absorptions, dietary intolerance to foods rich in calcium, hormonal changes, hypoparathyroidism, low vitamin D levels, pancreatitis, hyperphosphatemia, septic shock, massive blood transfusion, renal failure, removal of parathyroid gland and certain genetic factors. Meeting the necessary calcium requirement is particularly important as a woman approaches menopause, because of the decline of estrogen which results in bones weakening. If the dificenct lasts long enough, there will be serious health effects on the health.
Hypercalcemia, or elevated calcium levels is usually caused by overactive parathyroid hormone. Other causes include cancer, tuberculosis,sarcoidosis, medications, vitamin D and calcium supplements, genetic disorder known as familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, immobility, and severe dehydration.

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Calcium Disorders.

Additional names

This group contains additional names:
- Hypocalcemia
- Disorders of Calcium Metabolism
- Hypercalcemia
- Other Disorder of Calcium Metabolism
- Calcinosis
- Calciphylaxis
- Chondrocalcinosis
- Extraskeletal calcification
- Familial chondrocalcinosis
- Nephrocalcinosis
- Pseudogout
- Pseudohyperparathyroidism
- Pseudohypoparathyroidism
- Pseudotumor calcinosis
- Pyrophosphate arthritis

Signs & symptoms

Hypocalcemia symptoms develop when the condition progresses and may include confusion, memory loss, muscle spasms, numbness and tingling, depression, hallucinations, weak and brittle nails and easy fracturing of the bones. Hypercalcemia symptoms include excessive thirst, frequent urination, nausea, vomiting, constipation, bone pain, muscle weakness, confusion, lethargy, fatigue, fainting, and cardiac arrhythmia.

Diagnosis

Hypocalcemia or hypercalcemia diagnosis is confirmed with blood calcium levels.Normal calcium levels for adults can range from 8.8 to 10.4 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL).Blood tests can also show whether your parathyroid hormone level is high, indicating that you have hyperparathyroidism.

Treatment

Hypocalcemia is treated with calcium supplements. Hypercalcemia treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include calcitonin, calcimimetics, bisphosphonates, denosumab, prednisone and IV fluid and diuretics.

☝️ This is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult with your physician before making any medical decision.

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