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Myotonic muscular dystrophy
Myotonic muscular dystrophy
by Alike Medical Team ∙ Updated on June 13, 2023
General
Myotonic muscular dystrophy is a type of muscular dystrophy which has two types- DM1 and DM2. DM1 is also referred to as Steinert’s disease. This condition is characterized by muscle weakness, including weakness of internal organs such as the heart muscles or the digestive muscles. It could also affect the eyes, and cause early baldness. Both types are hereditary and caused by mutations in proteins that participate in muscle functions.
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Signs & symptoms
Symptoms include muscle weakness, from mild weakness to a paralysis, muscle atrophy, increased tone of myotonic muscles (prolonged contraction and slowed relaxation), bradycardia, ventricular tachycardia, fatigue, sudden cardiac death, cataracts, insulin resistance, early baldness, ptosis sagging jaw, and narrow face.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based upon findings from medical history and physical examination. Further evaluation may include electromyography (EMG), muscle biopsy, and genetic testing.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the symptoms and may include pacemaker, oxygen therapy, medications to control blood levels, and more.
Note
☝ We provide information on prescription and over-the-counter medicines, diagnosis, procedures and lab tests. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
National Institutes of Health ∙ World Health Organization ∙ MedlinePluse ∙ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
☝ All information has been reviewed by certified physicians from Alike
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