Understanding Hallux Valgus (Bunion): Causes, Symptoms, and Management

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Hallux Valgus (Bunion)

by Alike Medical Team ∙ Updated on June 13, 2023

General

A bunion, also known as hallux valgus, is a deformity of the joint connecting the big toe to the foot. It is more common among women and the exact cause is unclear.

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Signs & symptoms

The big toe often bends towards the other toes and the joint becomes red and painful. The onset is typically gradual. Other symptoms may include irritation of the skin around the bunion, and blisters may form more easily at the site. Pain may be worse when walking. Bunions can lead to difficulties finding properly fitting footwear

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is generally based on symptoms and clinical features and supported by simple X-rays.

Treatment

Conservative treatment for bunions include changes in footwear, the use of orthoses, rest, ice, and pain medications such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs. These treatments address symptoms but do not correct the actual deformity. If the discomfort persists and is severe or when aesthetic correction of the deformity is desired, surgical correction by an orthopedic surgeon may be recommended.

Note

☝ We provide information on prescription and over-the-counter medicines, diagnosis, procedures and lab tests. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

National Institutes of Health ∙ World Health Organization ∙ MedlinePluse ∙ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

☝ All information has been reviewed by certified physicians from Alike

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